Chewing is a natural process that aids digestion, but new research suggests it might also have surprising benefits for brain function. Scientists have found that chewing harder materials—like wood—could help improve memory and enhance cognitive abilities. This article explores the latest findings on how chewing affects the brain and whether incorporating harder foods into your diet could be beneficial.
How Chewing Affects Brain Function
Chewing, or mastication, does more than just break down food—it stimulates brain activity. Researchers have discovered that it increases blood flow to critical brain areas such as the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, which are responsible for memory, learning, and cognitive control. The act of chewing can also enhance the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the brain, potentially boosting mental performance.
The Science Behind Chewing and Brain Health
A study published in Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience investigated the effects of chewing different materials on brain function. The researchers observed 52 university students, dividing them into two groups: one group chewed gum, while the other chewed small wooden sticks resembling popsicle sticks. After five minutes of chewing, the scientists measured their brain activity and assessed their cognitive performance.
Key Findings from the Study
- Increase in Brain Antioxidants: The group that chewed wood showed a significant rise in glutathione (GSH) levels. Glutathione is an essential antioxidant that helps protect brain cells from damage. The gum-chewing group, however, showed no noticeable change in GSH levels.
- Improved Memory Performance: Participants who chewed wood performed better on memory and cognitive tests than those who chewed gum. The increase in GSH levels appeared to be linked to these improved cognitive scores.
These findings suggest that chewing harder materials may enhance brain function by increasing antioxidant levels, which protect against cognitive decline.
Why Antioxidants Matter for Brain Health
The brain is highly susceptible to oxidative stress, a condition where harmful molecules called free radicals cause damage to brain cells. Over time, oxidative stress can contribute to cognitive decline, memory loss, and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. Antioxidants like glutathione play a crucial role in neutralizing these harmful molecules and maintaining brain health.
Chewing and Cognitive Decline: What Experts Say
Studies have shown that the ability to chew properly is vital for preserving cognitive function, particularly in older adults. Research published in the International Journal of Medical Sciences indicates that difficulty in chewing—often due to tooth loss—is associated with an increased risk of memory problems and dementia. Maintaining good oral health and incorporating harder foods into the diet could help support brain function over time.
Should You Start Chewing Wood?
While the study highlights the benefits of chewing harder materials, it does not mean people should start chewing wood regularly. Instead, incorporating naturally hard foods into the diet may provide similar benefits. Some brain-boosting foods include:
- Nuts (walnuts, almonds, and pistachios) – Rich in healthy fats and antioxidants that support cognitive function.
- Crunchy fruits and vegetables (carrots, apples, and celery) – Promote chewing and provide essential nutrients for brain health.
- Whole grains (brown rice, quinoa, and barley) – Contain nutrients that help maintain cognitive performance.
Final Thoughts
Emerging research suggests that chewing harder materials can enhance brain function by increasing antioxidant levels and improving memory performance. While chewing wood might not be a practical solution, adding hard foods to your diet may offer similar cognitive benefits. As scientists continue to explore the connection between chewing and brain health, these findings highlight the importance of maintaining good oral health and a nutrient-rich diet for overall well-being.
